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Tourmaline: The Most Colorful GemHistory & Interesting Facts:Tourmaline's name comes from the Sinhalese word "turmali," which means "mixed." Bright rainbow collections of gemstone varieties were called "turmali" parcels. Tourmaline, occurring in more colors and combinations of colors than any other gemstone variety, lives up to its name. There is a tourmaline that looks like almost any other gemstone! Many stones in the Russian Crown jewels from the 17th Century once thought to be rubies are actually tourmalines. Perhaps this is why this gemstone is said to encourage artistic intuition: it has many faces and expresses every mood. The Empress Dowager Tz'u Hsi, the last Empress of China, loved pink tourmaline and bought almost a ton of it from the new Himalayan Mine, located a long way from the Middle Country in California. The Himalaya Mine is still producing tourmaline today, but the Dowager went to rest eternally on a carved tourmaline pillow. Tourmaline is also of interest to scientists because it changes its electrical charge when heated. It becomes a polarized crystalline magnet and can attract light objects. This property was noticed long ago before science could explain it: in the Netherlands, tourmalines were called "aschentrekkers" because they attracted ashes and could be used to clean pipes. Colors of the Rainbow:Tourmaline occurs in every color of the rainbow as well as combinations of two or three colors. Bicolor and tricolor tourmalines, with bands of colors are very popular. Sometimes the colors are at different ends of the crystal and sometimes there is one color in the heart of the crystal and another around the outside. One color combination, pink center with a green rind, is called "watermelon tourmaline" (seedless, of course!) Sometimes designers set slices of the crystal instead of faceted stones to show off this phenomenon.
Mining Sources:Almost every color of tourmaline can be found in Brazil, especially in Minas Gerais and Bahia. Pink and green colors are particularly popular. In 1989, miners discovered tourmaline unlike any that had ever been seen before. The new type of tourmaline, which soon became known as Paraiba tourmaline came in incredibly vivid blues and greens. The demand and excitement for this new material, which soon fetched more than $10,000 per carat, and is exceedingly rare, earned more respect for the other colors of tourmaline. Pink and green tourmaline are now widely available and are especially popular in designer jewelry. Blue tourmalines are also very much in demand but the supply is more limited. Tourmalines are most often cut in long rectangular shapes because of their long and narrow crystal shape. In addition to Brazil, tourmaline is also mined in Tanzania, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Namibia, Afghanistan, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, and California and Maine in the United States. Maine and Afghanistan produces beautiful sherbet colors of tourmaline and spectacular minty greens. California is known for perfect pinks, as well as beautiful bicolors. One particularly beautiful variety is chrome tourmaline, a rare type of tourmaline from Tanzania which occurs in a very rich green color caused by chromium, the same element which causes the green in emerald. Specifications:The tourmaline family is a group of closely related minerals with complex chemical formulas containing aluminum borosilicates and varying quantities of sodium, magnesium, calcium, iron, chromium, manganese, potassium, etc. They vary widely in color and physical properties but share a common crystal structure. Found in many locations throughout the world, they produce striking, relatively durable gems and show the widest color variations of any gemstone.
Cleaning & Maintenance:Tourmaline is a hard and durable gemstone which can withstand years of wear. You might want to avoid steam cleaning or heat (unless of course you need to clean your pipe!). |
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